VTF.cpp

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// ReSharper disable CppDFATimeOver
// ReSharper disable CppRedundantParentheses
// ReSharper disable CppRedundantQualifier
// ReSharper disable CppUseStructuredBinding
 
#include <vtfpp/VTF.h>
 
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <ranges>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <utility>
 
#ifdef SOURCEPP_BUILD_WITH_TBB
#include <execution>
#endif
 
#ifdef SOURCEPP_BUILD_WITH_THREADS
#include <future>
#include <thread>
#endif
 
#include <BufferStream.h>
#include <miniz.h>
#include <zstd.h>
 
#include <sourcepp/compression/LZMA.h>
#include <vtfpp/ImageConversion.h>
#include <vtfpp/ImageQuantize.h>
 
using namespace sourcepp;
using namespace vtfpp;
 
namespace {
 
[[nodiscard]] std::vector<std::byte> compressData(std::span<const std::byte> data, int16_t level, CompressionMethod method) {
    switch (method) {
        using enum CompressionMethod;
        case DEFLATE: {
            mz_ulong compressedSize = mz_compressBound(data.size());
            std::vector<std::byte> out(compressedSize);
 
            int status = MZ_OK;
            while ((status = mz_compress2(reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(out.data()), &compressedSize, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(data.data()), data.size(), level)) == MZ_BUF_ERROR) {
                compressedSize *= 2;
                out.resize(compressedSize);
            }
 
            if (status != MZ_OK) {
                return {};
            }
            out.resize(compressedSize);
            return out;
        }
        case ZSTD: {
            if (level < 0) {
                level = 6;
            }
 
            const auto expectedSize = ZSTD_compressBound(data.size());
            std::vector<std::byte> out(expectedSize);
 
            const auto compressedSize = ZSTD_compress(out.data(), expectedSize, data.data(), data.size(), level);
            if (ZSTD_isError(compressedSize)) {
                return {};
            }
 
            out.resize(compressedSize);
            return out;
        }
        case CONSOLE_LZMA: {
            if (const auto out = compression::compressValveLZMA(data, level)) {
                return *out;
            }
            return {};
        }
    }
    return {};
}
 
template<std::unsigned_integral T, bool ExistingDataIsSwizzled>
constexpr void swizzleUncompressedImageData(std::span<std::byte> inputData, std::span<std::byte> outputData, ImageFormat format, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, uint16_t depth) {
    width *= ImageFormatDetails::bpp(format) / (sizeof(T) * 8);
    const auto zIndex = [
        widthL2 = static_cast<int>(math::log2ceil(width)),
        heightL2 = static_cast<int>(math::log2ceil(height)),
        depthL2 = static_cast<int>(math::log2ceil(depth))
    ](uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t z) {
        auto widthL2m = widthL2;
        auto heightL2m = heightL2;
        auto depthL2m = depthL2;
        uint32_t offset = 0;
        uint32_t shiftCount = 0;
        do {
            if (depthL2m --> 0) {
                offset |= (z & 1) << shiftCount++;
                z >>= 1;
            }
            if (heightL2m --> 0) {
                offset |= (y & 1) << shiftCount++;
                y >>= 1;
            }
            if (widthL2m --> 0) {
                offset |= (x & 1) << shiftCount++;
                x >>= 1;
            }
        } while (x || y || z);
        return offset;
    };
 
    const auto* inputPtr = reinterpret_cast<const T*>(inputData.data());
    auto* outputPtr = reinterpret_cast<T*>(outputData.data());
    for (uint16_t x = 0; x < width; x++) {
        for (uint16_t y = 0; y < height; y++) {
            for (uint16_t z = 0; z < depth; z++) {
                if constexpr (ExistingDataIsSwizzled) {
                    *outputPtr++ = reinterpret_cast<const T*>(inputData.data())[zIndex(x, y, z)];
                } else {
                    reinterpret_cast<T*>(outputData.data())[zIndex(x, y, z)] = *inputPtr++;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
 
template<bool ConvertingFromSource>
void swapImageDataEndianForConsole(std::span<std::byte> imageData, ImageFormat format, uint8_t mipCount, uint16_t frameCount, uint8_t faceCount, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, uint16_t depth, VTF::Platform platform) {
    if (imageData.empty() || format == ImageFormat::EMPTY || platform == VTF::PLATFORM_PC) {
        return;
    }
 
    if (platform == VTF::PLATFORM_X360) {
        switch (format) {
            using enum ImageFormat;
            case BGRA8888:
            case BGRX8888:
            case UVWQ8888:
            case UVLX8888: {
                const auto newData = ImageConversion::convertSeveralImageDataToFormat(imageData, ARGB8888, BGRA8888, mipCount, frameCount, faceCount, width, height, depth);
                std::ranges::copy(newData, imageData.begin());
                break;
            }
            case DXT1:
            case DXT1_ONE_BIT_ALPHA:
            case DXT3:
            case DXT5:
            case UV88: {
                std::span dxtData{reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(imageData.data()), imageData.size() / sizeof(uint16_t)};
                std::for_each(
#ifdef SOURCEPP_BUILD_WITH_TBB
                        std::execution::par_unseq,
#endif
                        dxtData.begin(), dxtData.end(), [](uint16_t& value) {
                    BufferStream::swap_endian(&value);
                });
                break;
            }
            default:
            break;
        }
    }
 
    // todo(vtfpp): should we enable 16-bit wide and 8-bit wide formats outside XBOX?
    if ((platform == VTF::PLATFORM_XBOX || platform == VTF::PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX || platform == VTF::PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2) && !ImageFormatDetails::compressed(format) && (ImageFormatDetails::bpp(format) % 32 == 0 || (platform == VTF::PLATFORM_XBOX && (ImageFormatDetails::bpp(format) % 16 == 0 || ImageFormatDetails::bpp(format) % 8 == 0)))) {
        const bool compressed = ImageFormatDetails::compressed(format);
        std::vector<std::byte> out(imageData.size());
        for(int mip = mipCount - 1; mip >= 0; mip--) {
            const auto [mipWidth, mipHeight, mipDepth] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(mip, width, height, depth, compressed);
            for (int frame = 0; frame < frameCount; frame++) {
                for (int face = 0; face < faceCount; face++) {
                    if (uint32_t offset, length; ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(offset, length, format, mip, mipCount, frame, frameCount, face, faceCount, width, height)) {
                        std::span imageDataSpan{imageData.data() + offset, length * mipDepth};
                        std::span outSpan{out.data() + offset, length * mipDepth};
                        if (ImageFormatDetails::bpp(format) % 32 == 0) {
                            ::swizzleUncompressedImageData<uint32_t, ConvertingFromSource>(imageDataSpan, outSpan, format, mipWidth, mipHeight, mipDepth);
                        } else if (ImageFormatDetails::bpp(format) % 16 == 0) {
                            ::swizzleUncompressedImageData<uint16_t, ConvertingFromSource>(imageDataSpan, outSpan, format, mipWidth, mipHeight, mipDepth);
                        } else /*if (ImageFormatDetails::bpp(format) % 8 == 0)*/ {
                            ::swizzleUncompressedImageData<uint8_t, ConvertingFromSource>(imageDataSpan, outSpan, format, mipWidth, mipHeight, mipDepth);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        std::memcpy(imageData.data(), out.data(), out.size());
    }
}
 
template<bool ConvertingFromDDS>
[[nodiscard]] std::vector<std::byte> convertBetweenDDSAndVTFMipOrderForXBOX(bool padded, std::span<const std::byte> imageData, ImageFormat format, uint8_t mipCount, uint16_t frameCount, uint8_t faceCount, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, uint16_t depth, bool& ok) {
    std::vector<std::byte> reorderedImageData;
    reorderedImageData.resize(ImageFormatDetails::getDataLengthXBOX(padded, format, mipCount, frameCount, faceCount, width, height, depth));
    BufferStream reorderedStream{reorderedImageData};
 
    if constexpr (ConvertingFromDDS) {
        for (int i = mipCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            const auto mipDepth = ImageDimensions::getMipDim(i, depth);
            for (int j = 0; j < frameCount; j++) {
                for (int k = 0; k < faceCount; k++) {
                    for (int l = 0; l < mipDepth; l++) {
                        uint32_t oldOffset, length;
                        if (!ImageFormatDetails::getDataPositionXbox(oldOffset, length, padded, format, i, mipCount, j, frameCount, k, faceCount, width, height, l, depth)) {
                            ok = false;
                            return {};
                        }
                        reorderedStream << imageData.subspan(oldOffset, length);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    } else {
        for (int j = 0; j < frameCount; j++) {
            for (int k = 0; k < faceCount; k++) {
                for (int i = 0; i < mipCount; i++) {
                    const auto mipDepth = ImageDimensions::getMipDim(i, depth);
                    for (int l = 0; l < mipDepth; l++) {
                        uint32_t oldOffset, length;
                        if (!ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(oldOffset, length, format, i, mipCount, j, frameCount, k, faceCount, width, height, l, depth)) {
                            ok = false;
                            return {};
                        }
                        reorderedStream << imageData.subspan(oldOffset, length);
                    }
                }
            }
            if (padded && j + 1 != frameCount && reorderedStream.tell() > 512) {
                reorderedStream.pad(math::paddingForAlignment(512, reorderedStream.tell()));
            }
        }
    }
 
    ok = true;
    return reorderedImageData;
}
 
} // namespace
 
Resource::ConvertedData Resource::convertData() const {
    switch (this->type) {
        case TYPE_PARTICLE_SHEET_DATA:
            if (this->data.size() <= sizeof(uint32_t)) {
                return {};
            }
            return SHT{{reinterpret_cast<const std::byte*>(this->data.data()) + sizeof(uint32_t), *reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(this->data.data())}};
        case TYPE_CRC:
        case TYPE_EXTENDED_FLAGS:
            if (this->data.size() != sizeof(uint32_t)) {
                return {};
            }
            return *reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(this->data.data());
        case TYPE_LOD_CONTROL_INFO:
            if (this->data.size() != sizeof(uint32_t)) {
                return {};
            }
            return std::make_tuple(
                    *(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(this->data.data()) + 0),
                    *(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(this->data.data()) + 1),
                    *(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(this->data.data()) + 2),
                    *(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(this->data.data()) + 3));
        case TYPE_KEYVALUES_DATA:
            if (this->data.size() <= sizeof(uint32_t)) {
                return "";
            }
            return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this->data.data()) + sizeof(uint32_t), *reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(this->data.data()));
        case TYPE_HOTSPOT_DATA:
            if (this->data.size() <= sizeof(uint32_t)) {
                return {};
            }
            return HOT{{reinterpret_cast<const std::byte*>(this->data.data()) + sizeof(uint32_t), *reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(this->data.data())}};
        default:
            break;
    }
    return {};
}
 
VTF::VTF() {
    this->opened = true;
}
 
VTF::VTF(std::vector<std::byte>&& vtfData, bool parseHeaderOnly)
        : data(std::move(vtfData)) {
    BufferStreamReadOnly stream{this->data};
 
    if (const auto signature = stream.read<uint32_t>(); signature == VTF_SIGNATURE) {
        stream >> this->platform;
        if (this->platform != PLATFORM_PC) {
            return;
        }
        stream >> this->version;
        if (this->version > 6) {
            return;
        }
    } else if (signature == VTFX_SIGNATURE || signature == VTF3_SIGNATURE) {
        stream.set_big_endian(true);
        stream >> this->platform;
        if (this->platform != PLATFORM_X360 && this->platform != PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX && this->platform != PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2) {
            return;
        }
        stream >> this->version;
        if (this->version != 8) {
            return;
        }
        // Now fix up the actual version as it would be on PC
        if (signature == VTF3_SIGNATURE) {
            this->platform = PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2;
            this->version = 5;
        } else {
            this->version = 4;
        }
    } else if (signature == XTF_SIGNATURE) {
        stream >> this->platform;
        if (this->platform != PLATFORM_XBOX) {
            return;
        }
        stream >> this->version;
        if (this->version != 0) {
            return;
        }
        // Now fix up the actual version as it would be on PC
        this->version = 2;
    } else {
        return;
    }
 
    const auto headerSize = stream.read<uint32_t>();
 
    const auto readResources = [this, &stream](uint32_t resourceCount) {
        // Read resource header info
        this->resources.reserve(resourceCount);
        for (int i = 0; i < resourceCount; i++) {
            auto& [type, flags_, data_] = this->resources.emplace_back();
 
            auto typeAndFlags = stream.read<uint32_t>();
            if (stream.is_big_endian()) {
                // This field is little-endian
                BufferStream::swap_endian(&typeAndFlags);
            }
            type = static_cast<Resource::Type>(typeAndFlags & 0xffffff); // last 3 bytes
            flags_ = static_cast<Resource::Flags>(typeAndFlags >> 24); // first byte
            data_ = stream.read_span<std::byte>(4);
 
            if (stream.is_big_endian() && !(flags_ & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA)) {
                BufferStream::swap_endian(reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(data_.data()));
            }
        }
 
        // Sort resources by their offset, in case certain VTFs are written
        // weirdly and have resource data written out of order. So far I have
        // found only one VTF in an official Valve game where this is the case.
        // UPDATE: We do this intentionally to write image data at the end now!
        // It fixes mip skipping issues, and should still work fine in every branch.
        std::ranges::sort(this->resources, [](const Resource& lhs, const Resource& rhs) {
            if ((lhs.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA) && (rhs.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA)) {
                return lhs.type < rhs.type;
            }
            if ((lhs.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA) && !(rhs.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA)) {
                return true;
            }
            if (!(lhs.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA) && (rhs.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA)) {
                return false;
            }
            return *reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(lhs.data.data()) < *reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(rhs.data.data());
        });
 
        // Fix up data spans to point to the actual data
        Resource* lastResource = nullptr;
        for (auto& resource : this->resources) {
            if (!(resource.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA)) {
                if (lastResource) {
                    const auto lastOffset = *reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(lastResource->data.data());
                    const auto currentOffset = *reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(resource.data.data());
                    const auto curPos = stream.tell();
                    stream.seek(lastOffset);
                    lastResource->data = stream.read_span<std::byte>(currentOffset - lastOffset);
                    stream.seek(static_cast<int64_t>(curPos));
                }
                lastResource = &resource;
            }
        }
        if (lastResource) {
            const auto offset = *reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(lastResource->data.data());
            const auto curPos = stream.tell();
            stream.seek(offset);
            lastResource->data = stream.read_span<std::byte>(stream.size() - offset);
            stream.seek(static_cast<int64_t>(curPos));
        }
    };
 
    // HACK: a couple tweaks to fix engine bugs or branch differences
    const auto postReadTransform = [this] {
        // Change the format to DXT1_ONE_BIT_ALPHA to get compressonator to recognize it.
        // No source game recognizes this format, so we will do additional transform in bake back to DXT1.
        // We also need to check MULTI_BIT_ALPHA flag because stupid third party tools will sometimes set it???
        if (this->format == ImageFormat::DXT1 && this->flags & (FLAG_V0_ONE_BIT_ALPHA | FLAG_V0_MULTI_BIT_ALPHA)) {
            this->format = ImageFormat::DXT1_ONE_BIT_ALPHA;
        }
        // If the version is below 7.5, NV_NULL / ATI2N / ATI1N are at different positions in the enum.
        // It is safe to do this because these formats didn't exist before v7.5.
        if (this->version < 5 && (this->format == ImageFormat::RGBA1010102 || this->format == ImageFormat::BGRA1010102 || this->format == ImageFormat::R16F)) {
            this->format = static_cast<ImageFormat>(static_cast<int32_t>(this->format) - 3);
        }
        // We need to apply this transform because of the broken Borealis skybox in HL2.
        // Thanks Valve! If this transform isn't applied it breaks conversion to console formats.
        if (this->flags & FLAG_V0_NO_MIP && this->mipCount > 1) {
            this->removeFlags(FLAG_V0_NO_MIP);
        }
    };
 
    switch (this->platform) {
        case PLATFORM_UNKNOWN:
            return;
        case PLATFORM_PC: {
            stream
                .read(this->width)
                .read(this->height)
                .read(this->flags)
                .read(this->frameCount)
                .read(this->startFrame)
                .skip(4)
                .read(this->reflectivity[0])
                .read(this->reflectivity[1])
                .read(this->reflectivity[2])
                .skip(4)
                .read(this->bumpMapScale)
                .read(this->format)
                .read(this->mipCount);
 
            postReadTransform();
 
            // This will always be DXT1
            stream.skip<ImageFormat>();
            stream >> this->thumbnailWidth >> this->thumbnailHeight;
            if (this->thumbnailWidth == 0 || this->thumbnailHeight == 0) {
                this->thumbnailFormat = ImageFormat::EMPTY;
            } else {
                this->thumbnailFormat = ImageFormat::DXT1;
            }
 
            if (this->version < 2) {
                this->depth = 1;
            } else {
                stream.read(this->depth);
            }
 
            if (parseHeaderOnly) {
                this->opened = true;
                return;
            }
 
            if (this->version >= 3) {
                stream.skip(3);
                auto resourceCount = stream.read<uint32_t>();
                stream.skip(8);
                readResources(resourceCount);
 
                this->opened = stream.tell() == headerSize;
 
                if (this->opened && this->version >= 6) {
                    const auto* auxResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_AUX_COMPRESSION);
                    const auto* imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA);
                    if (auxResource && imageResource) {
                        if (auxResource->getDataAsAuxCompressionLevel() != 0) {
                            const auto faceCount = this->getFaceCount();
                            std::vector<std::byte> decompressedImageData(ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->width, this->height, this->depth));
                            uint32_t oldOffset = 0;
                            for (int i = this->mipCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                                for (int j = 0; j < this->frameCount; j++) {
                                    for (int k = 0; k < faceCount; k++) {
                                        uint32_t oldLength = auxResource->getDataAsAuxCompressionLength(i, this->mipCount, j, this->frameCount, k, faceCount);
                                        if (uint32_t newOffset, newLength; ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(newOffset, newLength, this->format, i, this->mipCount, j, this->frameCount, k, faceCount, this->width, this->height, 0, this->getDepth())) {
                                            // Keep in mind that slices are compressed together
                                            mz_ulong decompressedImageDataSize = newLength * this->depth;
                                            switch (auxResource->getDataAsAuxCompressionMethod()) {
                                                using enum CompressionMethod;
                                                case DEFLATE:
                                                    if (mz_uncompress(reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(decompressedImageData.data() + newOffset), &decompressedImageDataSize, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(imageResource->data.data() + oldOffset), oldLength) != MZ_OK) {
                                                        this->opened = false;
                                                        return;
                                                    }
                                                    break;
                                                case ZSTD:
                                                    if (const auto decompressedSize = ZSTD_decompress(decompressedImageData.data() + newOffset, decompressedImageDataSize, imageResource->data.data() + oldOffset, oldLength); ZSTD_isError(decompressedSize) || decompressedSize != decompressedImageDataSize) {
                                                        this->opened = false;
                                                        return;
                                                    }
                                                    break;
                                                case CONSOLE_LZMA:
                                                    // Shouldn't be here!
                                                    SOURCEPP_DEBUG_BREAK;
                                                    break;
                                            }
                                        }
                                        oldOffset += oldLength;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                            this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA, decompressedImageData);
                        }
                    }
                }
            } else {
                stream.skip(math::paddingForAlignment(16, stream.tell()));
                this->opened = stream.tell() == headerSize;
 
                this->resources.reserve(2);
 
                if (this->hasThumbnailData()) {
                    this->resources.push_back({
                        .type = Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA,
                        .flags = Resource::FLAG_NONE,
                        .data = stream.read_span<std::byte>(ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(this->thumbnailFormat, this->thumbnailWidth, this->thumbnailHeight)),
                    });
                }
                if (this->hasImageData()) {
                    this->resources.push_back({
                        .type = Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA,
                        .flags = Resource::FLAG_NONE,
                        .data = stream.read_span<std::byte>(stream.size() - stream.tell()),
                    });
                }
            }
 
            if (const auto* resource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_AUX_COMPRESSION)) {
                this->compressionLevel = resource->getDataAsAuxCompressionLevel();
                this->compressionMethod = resource->getDataAsAuxCompressionMethod();
                this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_AUX_COMPRESSION);
            }
            return;
        }
        case PLATFORM_XBOX: {
            if (this->platform == PLATFORM_XBOX) {
                uint16_t preloadSize = 0, imageOffset = 0;
                stream
                    .read(this->flags)
                    .read(this->width)
                    .read(this->height)
                    .read(this->depth)
                    .read(this->frameCount)
                    .read(preloadSize)
                    .read(imageOffset)
                    .read(this->reflectivity[0])
                    .read(this->reflectivity[1])
                    .read(this->reflectivity[2])
                    .read(this->bumpMapScale)
                    .read(this->format)
                    .read(this->thumbnailWidth)
                    .read(this->thumbnailHeight)
                    .read(this->fallbackWidth)
                    .read(this->fallbackHeight)
                    .read(this->consoleMipScale)
                    .skip<uint8_t>(); // padding
 
                const bool headerSizeIsAccurate = stream.tell() == headerSize;
 
                this->mipCount = (this->flags & FLAG_V0_NO_MIP) ? 1 : ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(this->width, this->height, this->depth);
                this->fallbackMipCount = (this->flags & FLAG_V0_NO_MIP) ? 1 : ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight);
 
                postReadTransform();
 
                // Can't use VTF::getFaceCount yet because there's no image data
                const auto faceCount = (this->flags & FLAG_V0_ENVMAP) ? 6 : 1;
 
                if (this->thumbnailWidth == 0 || this->thumbnailHeight == 0) {
                    this->thumbnailFormat = ImageFormat::EMPTY;
                } else {
                    this->thumbnailFormat = ImageFormat::RGB888;
                    this->resources.push_back({
                        .type = Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA,
                        .flags = Resource::FLAG_NONE,
                        .data = stream.read_span<std::byte>(ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(this->thumbnailFormat, this->thumbnailWidth, this->thumbnailHeight)),
                    });
                }
 
                if (this->format == ImageFormat::P8) {
                    this->resources.push_back({
                        .type = Resource::TYPE_PALETTE_DATA,
                        .flags = Resource::FLAG_NONE,
                        .data = stream.read_span<std::byte>(256 * sizeof(ImagePixel::BGRA8888) * this->frameCount),
                    });
                }
 
                bool ok;
                auto fallbackSize = ImageFormatDetails::getDataLengthXBOX(false, this->format, this->fallbackMipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight);
                std::vector<std::byte> reorderedFallbackData;
                if (this->hasFallbackData()) {
                    if (stream.tell() + fallbackSize != preloadSize) {
                        // A couple XTFs that shipped with HL2 are missing the NO_MIP flag. We can detect them by checking the size of the fallback
                        fallbackSize = ImageFormatDetails::getDataLengthXBOX(false, this->format, 1, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight);
                        if (stream.tell() + fallbackSize != preloadSize) {
                            this->opened = false;
                            return;
                        }
                        this->fallbackMipCount = 1;
                        this->mipCount = 1;
                        this->flags |= FLAG_V0_NO_MIP;
                    }
                    reorderedFallbackData = ::convertBetweenDDSAndVTFMipOrderForXBOX<true>(false, stream.read_span<std::byte>(fallbackSize), this->format, this->fallbackMipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight, 1, ok);
                    if (!ok) {
                        this->opened = false;
                        return;
                    }
                    ::swapImageDataEndianForConsole<true>(reorderedFallbackData, this->format, this->fallbackMipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight, 1, this->platform);
                }
 
                this->opened = headerSizeIsAccurate;
                if (parseHeaderOnly) {
                    return;
                }
 
                const auto imageSize = ImageFormatDetails::getDataLengthXBOX(true, this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->width, this->height, this->depth);
                std::vector<std::byte> reorderedImageData;
                if (this->hasImageData()) {
                    reorderedImageData = ::convertBetweenDDSAndVTFMipOrderForXBOX<true>(true, stream.seek(imageOffset).read_span<std::byte>(imageSize), this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->width, this->height, this->depth, ok);
                    if (!ok) {
                        this->opened = false;
                        return;
                    }
                    ::swapImageDataEndianForConsole<true>(reorderedImageData, this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->width, this->height, this->depth, this->platform);
                }
 
                // By this point we cannot use spans over data, it will change here
                if (this->hasFallbackData()) {
                    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_FALLBACK_DATA, reorderedFallbackData);
                }
                if (this->hasImageData()) {
                    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA, reorderedImageData);
                }
                return;
            }
        }
        case PLATFORM_X360:
        case PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX:
        case PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2: {
            uint8_t resourceCount;
            stream
                .read(this->flags)
                .read(this->width)
                .read(this->height)
                .read(this->depth)
                .read(this->frameCount)
                .skip<uint16_t>() // preload
                .read(this->consoleMipScale)
                .read(resourceCount)
                .read(this->reflectivity[0])
                .read(this->reflectivity[1])
                .read(this->reflectivity[2])
                .read(this->bumpMapScale)
                .read(this->format)
                .skip<math::Vec4ui8>() // lowResImageSample (replacement for thumbnail resource, linear color pixel)
                .skip<uint32_t>(); // compressedLength
 
            postReadTransform();
 
            // Align to 16 bytes
            if (this->platform == PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2) {
                stream.skip<uint32_t>();
            }
 
            this->mipCount = (this->flags & FLAG_V0_NO_MIP) ? 1 : ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(this->width, this->height, this->depth);
 
            if (parseHeaderOnly) {
                this->opened = true;
                return;
            }
 
            this->resources.reserve(resourceCount);
            readResources(resourceCount);
 
            this->opened = stream.tell() == headerSize;
 
            // The resources vector isn't modified by setResourceInternal when we're not adding a new one, so this is fine
            for (const auto& resource : this->resources) {
                // Decompress LZMA resources
                if (BufferStreamReadOnly rsrcStream{resource.data}; rsrcStream.read<uint32_t>() == compression::VALVE_LZMA_SIGNATURE) {
                    if (auto decompressedData = compression::decompressValveLZMA(resource.data)) {
                        this->setResourceInternal(resource.type, *decompressedData);
 
                        if (resource.type == Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA) {
                            // Do this here because compressionLength in header can be garbage on PS3 orange box
                            this->compressionMethod = CompressionMethod::CONSOLE_LZMA;
                        }
                    }
                }
 
                if (resource.type == Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA) {
                    ::swapImageDataEndianForConsole<true>(resource.data, this->thumbnailFormat, 1, 1, 1, this->thumbnailWidth, this->thumbnailHeight, 1, this->platform);
                } else if (resource.type == Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA) {
                    if (this->platform == PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX) {
                        bool ok;
                        const auto reorderedFallbackData = ::convertBetweenDDSAndVTFMipOrderForXBOX<true>(false, resource.data, this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->width, this->height, this->depth, ok);
                        if (!ok || reorderedFallbackData.size() != resource.data.size()) {
                            this->opened = false;
                            return;
                        }
                        std::memcpy(resource.data.data(), reorderedFallbackData.data(), resource.data.size());
                    }
                    ::swapImageDataEndianForConsole<true>(resource.data, this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->width, this->height, this->depth, this->platform);
                } else if (!(resource.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA) && resource.data.size() >= sizeof(uint32_t)) {
                    BufferStream::swap_endian(reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(resource.data.data()));
                }
            }
            return;
        }
    }
}
 
VTF::VTF(std::span<const std::byte> vtfData, bool parseHeaderOnly)
        : VTF(std::vector<std::byte>{vtfData.begin(), vtfData.end()}, parseHeaderOnly) {}
 
VTF::VTF(const std::filesystem::path& vtfPath, bool parseHeaderOnly)
        : VTF(fs::readFileBuffer(vtfPath), parseHeaderOnly) {}
 
VTF::VTF(const VTF& other) {
    *this = other;
}
 
VTF& VTF::operator=(const VTF& other) {
    this->opened = other.opened;
    this->data = other.data;
    this->version = other.version;
    this->width = other.width;
    this->height = other.height;
    this->flags = other.flags;
    this->frameCount = other.frameCount;
    this->startFrame = other.startFrame;
    this->reflectivity = other.reflectivity;
    this->bumpMapScale = other.bumpMapScale;
    this->format = other.format;
    this->mipCount = other.mipCount;
    this->thumbnailFormat = other.thumbnailFormat;
    this->thumbnailWidth = other.thumbnailWidth;
    this->thumbnailHeight = other.thumbnailHeight;
    this->fallbackWidth = other.fallbackWidth;
    this->fallbackHeight = other.fallbackHeight;
    this->fallbackMipCount = other.fallbackMipCount;
    this->consoleMipScale = other.consoleMipScale;
    this->depth = other.depth;
 
    this->resources.clear();
    for (const auto& [otherType, otherFlags, otherData] : other.resources) {
        auto& [type, flags_, data_] = this->resources.emplace_back();
        type = otherType;
        flags_ = otherFlags;
        data_ = {this->data.data() + (otherData.data() - other.data.data()), otherData.size()};
    }
 
    this->platform = other.platform;
    this->compressionLevel = other.compressionLevel;
    this->compressionMethod = other.compressionMethod;
    this->imageWidthResizeMethod = other.imageWidthResizeMethod;
    this->imageHeightResizeMethod = other.imageHeightResizeMethod;
 
    return *this;
}
 
VTF::operator bool() const {
    return this->opened;
}
 
bool VTF::createInternal(VTF& writer, CreationOptions options) {
    bool out = true;
    if (writer.hasImageData() && (options.invertGreenChannel || options.gammaCorrection != 1.f)) {
        for (int i = 0; i < writer.mipCount; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < writer.frameCount; j++) {
                for (int k = 0; k < writer.getFaceCount(); k++) {
                    for (int l = 0; l < writer.depth; l++) {
                        if (options.invertGreenChannel && !writer.setImage(ImageConversion::invertGreenChannelForImageData(writer.getImageDataRaw(i, j, k, l), writer.getFormat(), writer.getWidth(i), writer.getHeight(i)), writer.getFormat(), writer.getWidth(i), writer.getHeight(i), ImageConversion::ResizeFilter::DEFAULT, i, j, k, l)) {
                            out = false;
                        }
                        if (options.gammaCorrection != 1.f && !writer.setImage(ImageConversion::gammaCorrectImageData(writer.getImageDataRaw(i, j, k, l), writer.getFormat(), writer.getWidth(i), writer.getHeight(i), options.gammaCorrection), writer.getFormat(), writer.getWidth(i), writer.getHeight(i), ImageConversion::ResizeFilter::DEFAULT, i, j, k, l)) {
                            out = false;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    writer.setPlatform(options.platform);
    if (options.computeReflectivity) {
        writer.computeReflectivity();
    }
    if (options.initialFrameCount > 1 || options.isCubeMap || options.initialDepth > 1) {
        if (!writer.setFrameFaceAndDepth(options.initialFrameCount, options.isCubeMap, options.initialDepth)) {
            out = false;
        }
    }
    writer.setStartFrame(options.startFrame);
    writer.setBumpMapScale(options.bumpMapScale);
    if (options.computeThumbnail) {
        writer.computeThumbnail();
    }
    if (options.outputFormat == FORMAT_UNCHANGED) {
        options.outputFormat = writer.getFormat();
    } else if (options.outputFormat == FORMAT_DEFAULT) {
        options.outputFormat = VTF::getDefaultCompressedFormat(writer.getFormat(), writer.getVersion(), options.isCubeMap);
    }
    if (options.computeMips) {
        if (const auto maxMipCount = ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(writer.getWidth(), writer.getHeight(), writer.getDepth()); maxMipCount > 1) {
            if (!writer.setMipCount(maxMipCount)) {
                out = false;
            }
            writer.computeMips(options.filter);
        }
    }
    writer.setFormat(options.outputFormat, ImageConversion::ResizeFilter::DEFAULT, options.compressedFormatQuality);
    if (options.computeTransparencyFlags) {
        writer.computeTransparencyFlags();
    }
    writer.setCompressionLevel(options.compressionLevel);
    writer.setCompressionMethod(options.compressionMethod);
    writer.setConsoleMipScale(options.consoleMipScale);
    return out;
}
 
bool VTF::create(std::span<const std::byte> imageData, ImageFormat format, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const std::filesystem::path& vtfPath, const CreationOptions& options) {
    VTF writer;
    writer.setVersion(options.version);
    writer.addFlags(options.flags);
    writer.setImageResizeMethods(options.widthResizeMethod, options.heightResizeMethod);
    if (!writer.setImage(imageData, format, width, height, options.filter)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (!createInternal(writer, options)) {
        return false;
    }
    return writer.bake(vtfPath);
}
 
bool VTF::create(ImageFormat format, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const std::filesystem::path& vtfPath, const CreationOptions& options) {
    std::vector<std::byte> imageData;
    imageData.resize(static_cast<uint32_t>(width) * height * ImageFormatDetails::bpp(format) / 8);
    return create(imageData, format, width, height, vtfPath, options);
}
 
VTF VTF::create(std::span<const std::byte> imageData, ImageFormat format, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const CreationOptions& options) {
    VTF writer;
    writer.setVersion(options.version);
    writer.addFlags(options.flags);
    writer.setImageResizeMethods(options.widthResizeMethod, options.heightResizeMethod);
    if (!writer.setImage(imageData, format, width, height, options.filter)) {
        writer.opened = false;
        return writer;
    }
    if (!createInternal(writer, options)) {
        writer.opened = false;
    }
    return writer;
}
 
VTF VTF::create(ImageFormat format, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const CreationOptions& options) {
    std::vector<std::byte> imageData;
    imageData.resize(static_cast<uint32_t>(width) * height * ImageFormatDetails::bpp(format) / 8);
    return create(imageData, format, width, height, options);
}
 
bool VTF::create(const std::filesystem::path& imagePath, const std::filesystem::path& vtfPath, const CreationOptions& options) {
    VTF writer;
    writer.setVersion(options.version);
    writer.addFlags(options.flags);
    writer.setImageResizeMethods(options.widthResizeMethod, options.heightResizeMethod);
    if (!writer.setImage(imagePath, options.filter)) {
        return false;
    }
    if (!createInternal(writer, options)) {
        return false;
    }
    return writer.bake(vtfPath);
}
 
VTF VTF::create(const std::filesystem::path& imagePath, const CreationOptions& options) {
    VTF writer;
    writer.setVersion(options.version);
    writer.addFlags(options.flags);
    writer.setImageResizeMethods(options.widthResizeMethod, options.heightResizeMethod);
    if (!writer.setImage(imagePath, options.filter)) {
        writer.opened = false;
        return writer;
    }
    if (!createInternal(writer, options)) {
        writer.opened = false;
    }
    return writer;
}
 
VTF::Platform VTF::getPlatform() const {
    return this->platform;
}
 
void VTF::setPlatform(Platform newPlatform) {
    if (this->platform == newPlatform) {
        return;
    }
 
    // hack to allow VTF::setVersion to work
    const auto oldPlatform = this->platform;
    this->platform = PLATFORM_PC;
    switch (newPlatform) {
        case PLATFORM_UNKNOWN:
        case PLATFORM_PC:
            break;
        case PLATFORM_XBOX:
            // Have to do it this roundabout way to fix cubemaps, v7.5 has 6 faces
            this->setVersion(5);
            this->platform = newPlatform;
            // It's safe to do this, and we can't use VTF::setVersion now that platform is set
            this->version = 2;
            break;
        case PLATFORM_X360:
        case PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX:
            this->setVersion(4);
            break;
        case PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2:
            this->setVersion(5);
            break;
    }
    this->platform = newPlatform;
 
    // Update flags
    if (this->platform == PLATFORM_XBOX || newPlatform == PLATFORM_XBOX) {
        this->removeFlags(FLAG_MASK_XBOX);
    }
 
    // XBOX stores thumbnail as single RGB888 pixel, but we assume thumbnail is DXT1 on other platforms
    if (this->hasThumbnailData()) {
        if (this->platform == PLATFORM_XBOX) {
            this->computeThumbnail();
        } else if (oldPlatform == PLATFORM_XBOX) {
            this->thumbnailFormat = ImageFormat::EMPTY;
            this->thumbnailWidth = 0;
            this->thumbnailHeight = 0;
        }
    }
 
    // Add/remove fallback data for XBOX
    if (this->platform != PLATFORM_XBOX && this->hasFallbackData()) {
        this->removeFallback();
    } else if (this->platform == PLATFORM_XBOX) {
        this->computeFallback();
    }
 
    this->setCompressionMethod(this->compressionMethod);
 
    if (this->platform != PLATFORM_PC) {
        const auto maxMipCount = (this->flags & FLAG_V0_NO_MIP) ? 1 : ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(this->width, this->height, this->depth);
        if (this->mipCount != maxMipCount) {
            this->setMipCount(maxMipCount);
        }
    }
}
 
uint32_t VTF::getVersion() const {
    return this->version;
}
 
void VTF::setVersion(uint32_t newVersion) {
    if (this->platform != PLATFORM_PC) {
        return;
    }
    if (this->hasImageData()) {
        auto faceCount = this->getFaceCount();
        if (faceCount == 7 && (newVersion < 1 || newVersion > 4)) {
            faceCount = 6;
        }
        this->regenerateImageData(this->format, this->width, this->height, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->depth);
    }
 
    // Fix up flags
    const bool srgb = this->isSRGB();
    if ((this->version < 1 && newVersion >= 1) || (this->version >= 1 && newVersion < 1)) {
        this->removeFlags(FLAG_MASK_V1);
    }
    if ((this->version < 2 && newVersion >= 2) || (this->version >= 2 && newVersion < 2)) {
        this->removeFlags(FLAG_MASK_V2);
    }
    if ((this->version < 3 && newVersion >= 3) || (this->version >= 3 && newVersion < 3)) {
        this->removeFlags(FLAG_MASK_V3);
    }
    if ((this->version < 4 && newVersion >= 4) || (this->version >= 4 && newVersion < 4)) {
        this->removeFlags(FLAG_MASK_V4 | FLAG_MASK_V4_TF2);
    }
    if ((this->version < 5 && newVersion >= 5) || (this->version >= 5 && newVersion < 5)) {
        this->removeFlags(FLAG_MASK_V5 | FLAG_MASK_V5_CSGO);
    }
    this->setSRGB(srgb);
 
    this->version = newVersion;
}
 
ImageConversion::ResizeMethod VTF::getImageWidthResizeMethod() const {
    return this->imageWidthResizeMethod;
}
 
ImageConversion::ResizeMethod VTF::getImageHeightResizeMethod() const {
    return this->imageHeightResizeMethod;
}
 
void VTF::setImageResizeMethods(ImageConversion::ResizeMethod imageWidthResizeMethod_, ImageConversion::ResizeMethod imageHeightResizeMethod_) {
    this->imageWidthResizeMethod = imageWidthResizeMethod_;
    this->imageHeightResizeMethod = imageHeightResizeMethod_;
}
 
void VTF::setImageWidthResizeMethod(ImageConversion::ResizeMethod imageWidthResizeMethod_) {
    this->imageWidthResizeMethod = imageWidthResizeMethod_;
}
 
void VTF::setImageHeightResizeMethod(ImageConversion::ResizeMethod imageHeightResizeMethod_) {
    this->imageHeightResizeMethod = imageHeightResizeMethod_;
}
 
uint16_t VTF::getWidth(uint8_t mip) const {
    return ImageDimensions::getMipDim(mip, this->width);
}
 
uint16_t VTF::getPaddedWidth(uint8_t mip) const {
    return ImageDimensions::getMipDim(mip, this->width, ImageFormatDetails::compressed(this->format));
}
 
uint16_t VTF::getHeight(uint8_t mip) const {
    return ImageDimensions::getMipDim(mip, this->height);
}
 
uint16_t VTF::getPaddedHeight(uint8_t mip) const {
    return ImageDimensions::getMipDim(mip, this->height, ImageFormatDetails::compressed(this->format));
}
 
void VTF::setSize(uint16_t newWidth, uint16_t newHeight, ImageConversion::ResizeFilter filter) {
    if (newWidth == 0 || newHeight == 0) {
        this->format = ImageFormat::EMPTY;
        this->width = 0;
        this->height = 0;
        this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA);
        return;
    }
 
    ImageConversion::setResizedDims(newWidth, this->imageWidthResizeMethod, newHeight, this->imageHeightResizeMethod);
    if (this->hasImageData()) {
        if (this->width == newWidth && this->height == newHeight) {
            return;
        }
        auto newMipCount = this->mipCount;
        if (const auto maxMipCount = ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(newWidth, newHeight, this->depth); this->platform != PLATFORM_PC || newMipCount > maxMipCount) {
            newMipCount = maxMipCount;
        }
        this->regenerateImageData(this->format, newWidth, newHeight, newMipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->depth, filter);
    } else {
        this->format = ImageFormat::RGBA8888;
        this->mipCount = 1;
        this->frameCount = 1;
        this->flags &= ~FLAG_V0_ENVMAP;
        this->width = newWidth;
        this->height = newHeight;
        this->depth = 1;
        this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA, std::vector<std::byte>(ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, 1, this->width, this->height, this->depth)));
    }
}
 
uint32_t VTF::getFlags() const {
    return this->flags;
}
 
void VTF::setFlags(uint32_t flags_) {
    this->flags = (this->flags & FLAG_MASK_INTERNAL) | (flags_ & ~FLAG_MASK_INTERNAL);
}
 
void VTF::addFlags(uint32_t flags_) {
    this->flags |= flags_ & ~FLAG_MASK_INTERNAL;
}
 
void VTF::removeFlags(uint32_t flags_) {
    this->flags &= ~flags_ | FLAG_MASK_INTERNAL;
}
 
bool VTF::isSRGB() const {
    return !ImageFormatDetails::large(this->format) && (this->version < 4 ? false : this->version < 5 ? this->flags & FLAG_V4_SRGB : this->flags & FLAG_V5_PWL_CORRECTED || this->flags & FLAG_V5_SRGB);
}
 
void VTF::setSRGB(bool srgb) {
    if (srgb) {
        if (this->version >= 5) {
            this->addFlags(FLAG_V5_SRGB);
        } else if (this->version == 4) {
            this->addFlags(FLAG_V4_SRGB);
        }
    } else {
        if (this->version >= 5) {
            this->removeFlags(FLAG_V5_PWL_CORRECTED | FLAG_V5_SRGB);
        } else if (this->version == 4) {
            this->removeFlags(FLAG_V4_SRGB);
        }
    }
}
 
void VTF::computeTransparencyFlags() {
    if (ImageFormatDetails::transparent(this->format)) {
        if (ImageFormatDetails::decompressedAlpha(this->format) > 1) {
            this->flags &= ~FLAG_V0_ONE_BIT_ALPHA;
            this->flags |= FLAG_V0_MULTI_BIT_ALPHA;
        } else {
            this->flags |= FLAG_V0_ONE_BIT_ALPHA;
            this->flags &= ~FLAG_V0_MULTI_BIT_ALPHA;
        }
    } else {
        this->flags &= ~(FLAG_V0_ONE_BIT_ALPHA | FLAG_V0_MULTI_BIT_ALPHA);
    }
}
 
ImageFormat VTF::getDefaultCompressedFormat(ImageFormat inputFormat, uint32_t version, bool isCubeMap) {
    if (version >= 6) {
        if (isCubeMap) {
            return ImageFormat::BC6H;
        }
        return ImageFormat::BC7;
    }
    if (ImageFormatDetails::decompressedAlpha(inputFormat) > 0) {
        return ImageFormat::DXT5;
    }
    return ImageFormat::DXT1;
}
 
ImageFormat VTF::getFormat() const {
    return this->format;
}
 
void VTF::setFormat(ImageFormat newFormat, ImageConversion::ResizeFilter filter, float quality) {
    if (newFormat == FORMAT_UNCHANGED || newFormat == this->format) {
        return;
    }
    if (newFormat == FORMAT_DEFAULT) {
        newFormat = VTF::getDefaultCompressedFormat(this->format, this->version, this->getFaceCount() > 1);
    }
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        this->format = newFormat;
        return;
    }
    const auto oldFormat = this->format;
    if (ImageFormatDetails::compressed(newFormat)) {
        this->regenerateImageData(newFormat, this->width + math::paddingForAlignment(4, this->width), this->height + math::paddingForAlignment(4, this->height), this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->depth, filter, quality);
    } else {
        this->regenerateImageData(newFormat, this->width, this->height, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->depth, filter, quality);
    }
 
    if (const auto* fallbackResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_FALLBACK_DATA)) {
        const auto fallbackConverted = ImageConversion::convertSeveralImageDataToFormat(fallbackResource->data, oldFormat, this->format, ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight), this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight, 1, quality);
        this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_FALLBACK_DATA, fallbackConverted);
    }
}
 
uint8_t VTF::getMipCount() const {
    return this->mipCount;
}
 
bool VTF::setMipCount(uint8_t newMipCount) {
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        return false;
    }
 
    if (const auto maxMipCount = ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(this->width, this->height, this->depth); (this->platform != PLATFORM_PC && newMipCount > 1) || (this->platform == PLATFORM_PC && newMipCount > maxMipCount)) {
        newMipCount = maxMipCount;
    }
    this->regenerateImageData(this->format, this->width, this->height, newMipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->depth);
    return true;
}
 
bool VTF::setRecommendedMipCount() {
    // Something we could do here for v5 and up is check if FLAG_V5_LOAD_MOST_MIPS is set and change mip count accordingly
    // (eliminate anything below 32x32). Noting we can't do that check for v4 and down because TF2 branch added small mip
    // loading, didn't bother adding the most mips flag, and doesn't handle VTFs missing lower mips correctly. Thanks Valve!
    return this->setMipCount(ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(this->width, this->height, this->depth));
}
 
void VTF::computeMips(ImageConversion::ResizeFilter filter) {
    auto* imageResource = this->getResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA);
    if (!imageResource || !this->hasImageData()) {
        return;
    }
 
    if (this->mipCount <= 1) {
        if (!this->setRecommendedMipCount() || this->mipCount <= 1) {
            return;
        }
    }
 
    auto* outputDataPtr = imageResource->data.data();
    const auto faceCount = this->getFaceCount();
 
#ifdef SOURCEPP_BUILD_WITH_THREADS
    std::vector<std::future<void>> futures;
    futures.reserve(this->frameCount * faceCount * this->depth);
#endif
    for (int j = 0; j < this->frameCount; j++) {
        for (int k = 0; k < faceCount; k++) {
#ifdef SOURCEPP_BUILD_WITH_THREADS
            futures.push_back(std::async(std::launch::async, [this, filter, outputDataPtr, faceCount, j, k] {
#endif
                for (int i = 1; i < this->mipCount; i++) {
                    const auto [mipWidth, mipHeight, mipDepth] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(i, this->width, this->height, this->depth);
                    const auto [mipWidthM1, mipHeightM1] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(i - 1, this->width, this->height);
                    for (int l = 0; l < mipDepth; l++) {
                        auto mip = ImageConversion::resizeImageData(this->getImageDataRaw(i - 1, j, k, l), this->format, mipWidthM1, mipWidth, mipHeightM1, mipHeight, this->isSRGB(), filter);
                        if (uint32_t offset, length; ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(offset, length, this->format, i, this->mipCount, j, this->frameCount, k, faceCount, this->width, this->height, l, this->depth) && mip.size() == length) {
                            std::memcpy(outputDataPtr + offset, mip.data(), length);
                        }
                    }
                }
#ifdef SOURCEPP_BUILD_WITH_THREADS
            }));
            if (futures.size() >= std::thread::hardware_concurrency()) {
                for (auto& future : futures) {
                    future.get();
                }
                futures.clear();
            }
#endif
        }
    }
#ifdef SOURCEPP_BUILD_WITH_THREADS
    for (auto& future : futures) {
        future.get();
    }
#endif
}
 
uint16_t VTF::getFrameCount() const {
    return this->frameCount;
}
 
bool VTF::setFrameCount(uint16_t newFrameCount) {
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        return false;
    }
    this->regenerateImageData(this->format, this->width, this->height, this->mipCount, newFrameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->depth);
    return true;
}
 
uint8_t VTF::getFaceCount() const {
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        return 0;
    }
    const auto* image = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA);
    if (!image) {
        return 0;
    }
    if (!(this->flags & FLAG_V0_ENVMAP)) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (this->platform == PLATFORM_XBOX || this->version >= 6) {
        // All v7.6 VTFs are sane, and we need this special case to fix a bug in the parser where
        // it won't recognize cubemaps as cubemaps because the image resource is compressed!
        return 6;
    }
    const auto expectedLength = ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, 6, this->width, this->height, this->depth);
    if (this->version >= 1 && this->version <= 4 && expectedLength < image->data.size()) {
        return 7;
    }
    if (expectedLength == image->data.size()) {
        return 6;
    }
    return 1;
}
 
bool VTF::setFaceCount(bool isCubeMap) {
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        return false;
    }
    this->regenerateImageData(this->format, this->width, this->height, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, isCubeMap ? ((this->version >= 1 && this->version <= 4) ? 7 : 6) : 1, this->depth);
    return true;
}
 
uint16_t VTF::getDepth(uint8_t mip) const {
    return ImageDimensions::getMipDim(mip, this->depth);
}
 
bool VTF::setDepth(uint16_t newDepth) {
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        return false;
    }
    this->regenerateImageData(this->format, this->width, this->height, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), newDepth);
    return true;
}
 
bool VTF::setFrameFaceAndDepth(uint16_t newFrameCount, bool isCubeMap, uint16_t newDepth) {
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        return false;
    }
    this->regenerateImageData(this->format, this->width, this->height, this->mipCount, newFrameCount, isCubeMap ? ((this->version >= 1 && this->version <= 4) ? 7 : 6) : 1, newDepth);
    return true;
}
 
uint16_t VTF::getStartFrame() const {
    return this->startFrame;
}
 
void VTF::setStartFrame(uint16_t newStartFrame) {
    this->startFrame = newStartFrame;
}
 
math::Vec3f VTF::getReflectivity() const {
    return this->reflectivity;
}
 
void VTF::setReflectivity(math::Vec3f newReflectivity) {
    this->reflectivity = newReflectivity;
}
 
void VTF::computeReflectivity() {
    static constexpr auto getReflectivityForImage = [](const VTF& vtf, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice) {
        static constexpr auto getReflectivityForPixel = [](const ImagePixel::RGBA8888* pixel) -> math::Vec3f {
            // http://markjstock.org/doc/gsd_talk_11_notes.pdf page 11
            math::Vec3f ref{static_cast<float>(pixel->r), static_cast<float>(pixel->g), static_cast<float>(pixel->b)};
            // I tweaked it a bit to produce 0.85 reflectivity at pure white
            ref = ref / 255.f * 0.922f;
            ref[0] *= ref[0];
            ref[1] *= ref[1];
            ref[2] *= ref[2];
            return ref;
        };
 
        auto rgba8888Data = vtf.getImageDataAsRGBA8888(0, frame, face, slice);
        math::Vec3f out{};
        for (uint64_t i = 0; i < rgba8888Data.size(); i += 4) {
            out += getReflectivityForPixel(reinterpret_cast<ImagePixel::RGBA8888*>(rgba8888Data.data() + i));
        }
        return out / (rgba8888Data.size() / sizeof(ImagePixel::RGBA8888));
    };
 
    const auto faceCount = this->getFaceCount();
 
#ifdef SOURCEPP_BUILD_WITH_THREADS
    if (this->frameCount > 1 || faceCount > 1 || this->depth > 1) {
        std::vector<std::future<math::Vec3f>> futures;
        futures.reserve(this->frameCount * faceCount * this->depth);
 
        this->reflectivity = {};
        for (int j = 0; j < this->frameCount; j++) {
            for (int k = 0; k < faceCount; k++) {
                for (int l = 0; l < this->depth; l++) {
                    futures.push_back(std::async(std::launch::async, [this, j, k, l] {
                        return getReflectivityForImage(*this, j, k, l);
                    }));
                    if (futures.size() >= std::thread::hardware_concurrency()) {
                        for (auto& future : futures) {
                            this->reflectivity += future.get();
                        }
                        futures.clear();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
 
        for (auto& future : futures) {
            this->reflectivity += future.get();
        }
        this->reflectivity /= this->frameCount * faceCount * this->depth;
    } else {
        this->reflectivity = getReflectivityForImage(*this, 0, 0, 0);
    }
#else
    this->reflectivity = {};
    for (int j = 0; j < this->frameCount; j++) {
        for (int k = 0; k < faceCount; k++) {
            for (int l = 0; l < this->depth; l++) {
                this->reflectivity += getReflectivityForImage(*this, j, k, l);
            }
        }
    }
    this->reflectivity /= this->frameCount * faceCount * this->depth;
#endif
}
 
float VTF::getBumpMapScale() const {
    return this->bumpMapScale;
}
 
void VTF::setBumpMapScale(float newBumpMapScale) {
    this->bumpMapScale = newBumpMapScale;
}
 
ImageFormat VTF::getThumbnailFormat() const {
    return this->thumbnailFormat;
}
 
uint8_t VTF::getThumbnailWidth() const {
    return this->thumbnailWidth;
}
 
uint8_t VTF::getThumbnailHeight() const {
    return this->thumbnailHeight;
}
 
uint8_t VTF::getFallbackWidth() const {
    return this->fallbackWidth;
}
 
uint8_t VTF::getFallbackHeight() const {
    return this->fallbackHeight;
}
 
uint8_t VTF::getFallbackMipCount() const {
    return this->fallbackMipCount;
}
 
const std::vector<Resource>& VTF::getResources() const {
    return this->resources;
}
 
const Resource* VTF::getResource(Resource::Type type) const {
    for (const auto& resource : this->resources) {
        if (resource.type == type) {
            return &resource;
        }
    }
    return nullptr;
}
 
Resource* VTF::getResourceInternal(Resource::Type type) {
    for (auto& resource : this->resources) {
        if (resource.type == type) {
            return &resource;
        }
    }
    return nullptr;
}
 
void VTF::setResourceInternal(Resource::Type type, std::span<const std::byte> data_) {
    if (const auto* resource = this->getResource(type); resource && resource->data.size() == data_.size()) {
        std::memcpy(resource->data.data(), data_.data(), data_.size());
        return;
    }
 
    // Store resource data
    std::unordered_map<Resource::Type, std::pair<std::vector<std::byte>, uint64_t>> resourceData;
    for (const auto& [type_, flags_, dataSpan] : this->resources) {
        resourceData[type_] = {std::vector<std::byte>{dataSpan.begin(), dataSpan.end()}, 0};
    }
 
    // Set new resource
    if (data_.empty()) {
        resourceData.erase(type);
    } else {
        resourceData[type] = {{data_.begin(), data_.end()}, 0};
    }
 
    // Save the data
    this->data.clear();
    BufferStream writer{this->data};
 
    for (auto resourceType : resourceData | std::views::keys) {
        if (!resourceData.contains(resourceType)) {
            continue;
        }
        auto& [specificResourceData, offset] = resourceData[resourceType];
        if (resourceType == type) {
            Resource newResource{
                type,
                specificResourceData.size() <= sizeof(uint32_t) ? Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA : Resource::FLAG_NONE,
                {this->data.data() + offset, specificResourceData.size()},
            };
            if (auto* resourcePtr = this->getResourceInternal(type)) {
                *resourcePtr = newResource;
            } else {
                this->resources.push_back(newResource);
            }
        } else if (!resourceData.contains(resourceType)) {
            continue;
        }
        offset = writer.tell();
        writer.write(specificResourceData);
    }
    this->data.resize(writer.size());
 
    for (auto& [type_, flags_, dataSpan] : this->resources) {
        if (resourceData.contains(type_)) {
            const auto& [specificResourceData, offset] = resourceData[type_];
            dataSpan = {this->data.data() + offset, specificResourceData.size()};
        }
    }
}
 
void VTF::removeResourceInternal(Resource::Type type) {
    std::erase_if(this->resources, [type](const Resource& resource) { return resource.type == type; });
}
 
void VTF::regenerateImageData(ImageFormat newFormat, uint16_t newWidth, uint16_t newHeight, uint8_t newMipCount, uint16_t newFrameCount, uint8_t newFaceCount, uint16_t newDepth, ImageConversion::ResizeFilter filter, float quality) {
    if (!newWidth)      { newWidth      = 1; }
    if (!newHeight)     { newHeight     = 1; }
    if (!newMipCount)   { newMipCount   = 1; }
    if (!newFrameCount) { newFrameCount = 1; }
    if (!newFaceCount)  { newFaceCount  = 1; }
    if (!newDepth)      { newDepth      = 1; }
 
    if (newMipCount > 1) {
        // Valve code doesn't like it when you have compressed mips with padding unless they're lower than 4 on a given dimension!
        // We could do some extra work to calculate this better, but I don't care, sorry
        if (ImageFormatDetails::compressed(newFormat) && ((newWidth > 4 && !std::has_single_bit(newWidth)) || (newHeight > 4 && !std::has_single_bit(newHeight)))) {
            newMipCount = 1;
        }
 
        this->flags &= ~(FLAG_V0_NO_MIP | FLAG_V0_NO_LOD);
    } else {
        this->flags |= FLAG_V0_NO_MIP | FLAG_V0_NO_LOD;
    }
 
    const auto faceCount = this->getFaceCount();
    if (this->format == newFormat && this->width == newWidth && this->height == newHeight && this->mipCount == newMipCount && this->frameCount == newFrameCount && faceCount == newFaceCount && this->depth == newDepth) {
        return;
    }
 
    std::vector<std::byte> newImageData;
    if (const auto* imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA); imageResource && this->hasImageData()) {
        if (this->format != newFormat && this->width == newWidth && this->height == newHeight && this->mipCount == newMipCount && this->frameCount == newFrameCount && faceCount == newFaceCount && this->depth == newDepth) {
            newImageData = ImageConversion::convertSeveralImageDataToFormat(imageResource->data, this->format, newFormat, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->width, this->height, this->depth, quality);
        } else {
            newImageData.resize(ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(this->format, newMipCount, newFrameCount, newFaceCount, newWidth, newHeight, newDepth));
            for (int i = newMipCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                const auto [mipWidth, mipHeight] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(i, this->width, this->height);
                const auto [newMipWidth, newMipHeight, newMipDepth] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(i, newWidth, newHeight, newDepth);
                for (int j = 0; j < newFrameCount; j++) {
                    for (int k = 0; k < newFaceCount; k++) {
                        for (int l = 0; l < newMipDepth; l++) {
                            if (i < this->mipCount && j < this->frameCount && k < faceCount && l < this->depth) {
                                auto imageSpan = this->getImageDataRaw(i, j, k, l);
                                std::vector<std::byte> image{imageSpan.begin(), imageSpan.end()};
                                if (this->width != newWidth || this->height != newHeight) {
                                    image = ImageConversion::resizeImageData(image, this->format, mipWidth, newMipWidth, mipHeight, newMipHeight, this->isSRGB(), filter);
                                }
                                if (uint32_t offset, length; ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(offset, length, this->format, i, newMipCount, j, newFrameCount, k, newFaceCount, newWidth, newHeight, l, newDepth) && image.size() == length) {
                                    std::memcpy(newImageData.data() + offset, image.data(), length);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (this->format != newFormat) {
                newImageData = ImageConversion::convertSeveralImageDataToFormat(newImageData, this->format, newFormat, newMipCount, newFrameCount, newFaceCount, newWidth, newHeight, newDepth, quality);
            }
        }
    } else {
        newImageData.resize(ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(newFormat, newMipCount, newFrameCount, newFaceCount, newWidth, newHeight, newDepth));
    }
 
    this->format = newFormat;
    this->width = newWidth;
    this->height = newHeight;
    this->mipCount = newMipCount;
    this->frameCount = newFrameCount;
    if (newFaceCount > 1) {
        this->flags |= FLAG_V0_ENVMAP;
    } else {
        this->flags &= ~FLAG_V0_ENVMAP;
    }
    this->depth = newDepth;
 
    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA, newImageData);
 
    // Fix up XBOX resources that depend on image resource
    if (const auto* palette = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_PALETTE_DATA)) {
        const auto targetSize = 256 * sizeof(ImagePixel::BGRA8888) * this->frameCount;
        if (palette->data.size() != targetSize) {
            std::vector<std::byte> paletteData{palette->data.begin(), palette->data.end()};
            paletteData.resize(targetSize);
            this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_PALETTE_DATA, paletteData);
        }
    }
    if (this->hasFallbackData()) {
        this->removeFallback();
        this->computeFallback();
    }
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getPaletteResourceFrame(uint16_t frame) const {
    if (const auto* palette = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_PALETTE_DATA)) {
        return palette->getDataAsPalette(frame);
    }
    return {};
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getParticleSheetFrameDataRaw(uint16_t& spriteWidth, uint16_t& spriteHeight, uint32_t shtSequenceID, uint32_t shtFrame, uint8_t shtBounds, uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice) const {
    spriteWidth = 0;
    spriteHeight = 0;
 
    const auto shtResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_PARTICLE_SHEET_DATA);
    if (!shtResource) {
        return {};
    }
 
    auto sht = shtResource->getDataAsParticleSheet();
    const auto* sequence = sht.getSequenceFromID(shtSequenceID);
    if (!sequence || sequence->frames.size() <= shtFrame || shtBounds >= sht.getFrameBoundsCount()) {
        return {};
    }
 
    // These values are likely slightly too large thanks to float magic, use a
    // shader that scales UVs instead of this function if precision is a concern
    // This will also break if any of the bounds are above 1 or below 0, but that
    // hasn't been observed in official textures
    const auto& bounds = sequence->frames[shtFrame].bounds[shtBounds];
    uint16_t x1 = std::clamp<uint16_t>(std::floor(bounds.x1 * static_cast<float>(this->getWidth(mip))),  0, this->getWidth(mip));
    uint16_t y1 = std::clamp<uint16_t>(std::ceil( bounds.y1 * static_cast<float>(this->getHeight(mip))), 0, this->getHeight(mip));
    uint16_t x2 = std::clamp<uint16_t>(std::ceil( bounds.x2 * static_cast<float>(this->getWidth(mip))),  0, this->getHeight(mip));
    uint16_t y2 = std::clamp<uint16_t>(std::floor(bounds.y2 * static_cast<float>(this->getHeight(mip))), 0, this->getWidth(mip));
 
    if (x1 > x2) [[unlikely]] {
        std::swap(x1, x2);
    }
    if (y1 > y2) [[unlikely]] {
        std::swap(y1, y2);
    }
    spriteWidth = x2 - x1;
    spriteWidth = y2 - y1;
 
    const auto out = ImageConversion::cropImageData(this->getImageDataRaw(mip, frame, face, slice), this->getFormat(), this->getWidth(mip), spriteWidth, x1, this->getHeight(mip), spriteHeight, y1);
    if (out.empty()) {
        spriteWidth = 0;
        spriteHeight = 0;
    }
    return out;
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getParticleSheetFrameDataAs(ImageFormat newFormat, uint16_t& spriteWidth, uint16_t& spriteHeight, uint32_t shtSequenceID, uint32_t shtFrame, uint8_t shtBounds, uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice) const {
    return ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFormat(this->getParticleSheetFrameDataRaw(spriteWidth, spriteHeight, shtSequenceID, shtFrame, shtBounds, mip, frame, face, slice), this->getFormat(), newFormat, spriteWidth, spriteHeight);
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getParticleSheetFrameDataAsRGBA8888(uint16_t& spriteWidth, uint16_t& spriteHeight, uint32_t shtSequenceID, uint32_t shtFrame, uint8_t shtBounds, uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice) const {
    return this->getParticleSheetFrameDataAs(ImageFormat::RGBA8888, spriteWidth, spriteHeight, shtSequenceID, shtFrame, shtBounds, mip, frame, face, slice);
}
 
void VTF::setParticleSheetResource(const SHT& value) {
    std::vector<std::byte> particleSheetData;
    BufferStream writer{particleSheetData};
 
    const auto bakedSheet = value.bake();
    writer.write<uint32_t>(bakedSheet.size()).write(bakedSheet);
    particleSheetData.resize(writer.size());
 
    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_PARTICLE_SHEET_DATA, particleSheetData);
}
 
void VTF::removeParticleSheetResource() {
    this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_PARTICLE_SHEET_DATA);
}
 
void VTF::setCRCResource(uint32_t value) {
    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_CRC, {reinterpret_cast<const std::byte*>(&value), sizeof(value)});
}
 
void VTF::removeCRCResource() {
    this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_CRC);
}
 
void VTF::setLODResource(uint8_t u, uint8_t v, uint8_t u360, uint8_t v360) {
    uint32_t lodData;
    BufferStream writer{&lodData, sizeof(lodData)};
 
    writer << u << v << u360 << v360;
 
    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_LOD_CONTROL_INFO, {reinterpret_cast<const std::byte*>(&lodData), sizeof(lodData)});
}
 
void VTF::removeLODResource() {
    this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_LOD_CONTROL_INFO);
}
 
void VTF::setExtendedFlagsResource(uint32_t value) {
    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_EXTENDED_FLAGS, {reinterpret_cast<const std::byte*>(&value), sizeof(value)});
}
 
void VTF::removeExtendedFlagsResource() {
    this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_EXTENDED_FLAGS);
}
 
void VTF::setKeyValuesDataResource(std::string_view value) {
    std::vector<std::byte> keyValuesData;
    BufferStream writer{keyValuesData};
 
    writer.write<uint32_t>(value.size()).write(value, false);
    keyValuesData.resize(writer.size());
 
    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_KEYVALUES_DATA, keyValuesData);
}
 
void VTF::removeKeyValuesDataResource() {
    this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_KEYVALUES_DATA);
}
 
void VTF::setHotspotDataResource(const HOT& value) {
    std::vector<std::byte> hotspotData;
    BufferStream writer{hotspotData};
 
    const auto bakedHotspotData = value.bake();
    writer.write<uint32_t>(bakedHotspotData.size()).write(bakedHotspotData);
    hotspotData.resize(writer.size());
 
    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_HOTSPOT_DATA, hotspotData);
}
 
void VTF::removeHotspotDataResource() {
    this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_HOTSPOT_DATA);
}
 
int16_t VTF::getCompressionLevel() const {
    return this->compressionLevel;
}
 
void VTF::setCompressionLevel(int16_t newCompressionLevel) {
    this->compressionLevel = newCompressionLevel;
}
 
CompressionMethod VTF::getCompressionMethod() const {
    return this->compressionMethod;
}
 
void VTF::setCompressionMethod(CompressionMethod newCompressionMethod) {
    if (newCompressionMethod == CompressionMethod::CONSOLE_LZMA && this->platform == PLATFORM_PC) {
        this->compressionMethod = CompressionMethod::ZSTD;
    } else if (newCompressionMethod != CompressionMethod::CONSOLE_LZMA && this->platform != PLATFORM_PC) {
        this->compressionMethod = CompressionMethod::CONSOLE_LZMA;
    } else {
        this->compressionMethod = newCompressionMethod;
    }
}
 
bool VTF::hasImageData() const {
    return this->format != ImageFormat::EMPTY && this->width > 0 && this->height > 0;
}
 
std::span<const std::byte> VTF::getImageDataRaw(uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice) const {
    if (const auto imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA)) {
        if (uint32_t offset, length; ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(offset, length, this->format, mip, this->mipCount, frame, this->frameCount, face, this->getFaceCount(), this->width, this->height, slice, this->depth)) {
            return imageResource->data.subspan(offset, length);
        }
    }
    return {};
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getImageDataAs(ImageFormat newFormat, uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice) const {
    const auto rawImageData = this->getImageDataRaw(mip, frame, face, slice);
    if (rawImageData.empty()) {
        return {};
    }
    if (this->format == ImageFormat::P8) {
        if (const auto paletteData = this->getPaletteResourceFrame(frame); !paletteData.empty()) {
            const auto [mipWidth, mipHeight] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(mip, this->width, this->height);
            return ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFormat(ImageQuantize::convertP8ImageDataToBGRA8888(paletteData, rawImageData), ImageFormat::BGRA8888, newFormat, mipWidth, mipHeight);
        }
    }
    const auto [mipWidth, mipHeight] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(mip, this->width, this->height);
    return ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFormat(rawImageData, this->format, newFormat, mipWidth, mipHeight);
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getImageDataAsRGBA8888(uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice) const {
    return this->getImageDataAs(ImageFormat::RGBA8888, mip, frame, face, slice);
}
 
bool VTF::setImage(std::span<const std::byte> imageData_, ImageFormat format_, uint16_t width_, uint16_t height_, ImageConversion::ResizeFilter filter, uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice, float quality) {
    if (imageData_.empty()) {
        return false;
    }
 
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        uint16_t resizedWidth = width_, resizedHeight = height_;
        ImageConversion::setResizedDims(resizedWidth, this->imageWidthResizeMethod, resizedHeight, this->imageHeightResizeMethod);
        if (ImageFormatDetails::compressed(format_)) {
            resizedWidth += math::paddingForAlignment(4, resizedWidth);
            resizedHeight += math::paddingForAlignment(4, resizedHeight);
        }
        if (const auto newMipCount = ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(resizedWidth, resizedHeight, this->depth); newMipCount <= mip) {
            mip = newMipCount - 1;
        }
        if (face > 6 || (face == 6 && (this->platform == PLATFORM_XBOX || this->version < 1 || this->version > 4))) {
            return false;
        }
        this->regenerateImageData(format_, resizedWidth, resizedHeight, mip + 1, frame + 1, face ? (face < 6 ? 6 : face) : 0, slice + 1);
    }
 
    const auto faceCount = this->getFaceCount();
    if (this->mipCount <= mip || this->frameCount <= frame || faceCount <= face || this->depth <= slice) {
        return false;
    }
 
    const auto* imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA);
    if (!imageResource) {
        return false;
    }
    if (uint32_t offset, length; ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(offset, length, this->format, mip, this->mipCount, frame, this->frameCount, face, faceCount, this->width, this->height, slice, this->depth)) {
        std::vector<std::byte> image{imageData_.begin(), imageData_.end()};
        const auto [newWidth, newHeight] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(mip, this->width, this->height);
        if (width_ != newWidth || height_ != newHeight) {
            image = ImageConversion::resizeImageData(image, format_, width_, newWidth, height_, newHeight, this->isSRGB(), filter);
        }
        if (format_ != this->format) {
            image = ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFormat(image, format_, this->format, newWidth, newHeight, quality);
        }
        std::memcpy(imageResource->data.data() + offset, image.data(), image.size());
    }
    return true;
}
 
bool VTF::setImage(const std::filesystem::path& imagePath, ImageConversion::ResizeFilter filter, uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice, float quality) {
    ImageFormat inputFormat;
    int inputWidth, inputHeight, inputFrameCount;
    auto imageData_ = ImageConversion::convertFileToImageData(fs::readFileBuffer(imagePath), inputFormat, inputWidth, inputHeight, inputFrameCount);
 
    // Unable to decode file
    if (imageData_.empty() || inputFormat == ImageFormat::EMPTY || !inputWidth || !inputHeight || !inputFrameCount) {
        return false;
    }
 
    // One frame (normal)
    if (inputFrameCount == 1) {
        return this->setImage(imageData_, inputFormat, inputWidth, inputHeight, filter, mip, frame, face, slice, quality);
    }
 
    // Multiple frames (GIF)
    bool allSuccess = true;
    const auto frameSize = ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(inputFormat, inputWidth, inputHeight);
    for (int currentFrame = 0; currentFrame < inputFrameCount; currentFrame++) {
        if (!this->setImage({imageData_.data() + currentFrame * frameSize, imageData_.data() + currentFrame * frameSize + frameSize}, inputFormat, inputWidth, inputHeight, filter, mip, frame + currentFrame, face, slice, quality)) {
            allSuccess = false;
        }
        if (currentFrame == 0 && this->frameCount < frame + inputFrameCount) {
            // Call this after setting the first image, this function is a no-op if no image data is present yet
            this->setFrameCount(frame + inputFrameCount);
        }
    }
    return allSuccess;
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::saveImageToFile(uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice, ImageConversion::FileFormat fileFormat) const {
    return ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFile(this->getImageDataRaw(mip, frame, face, slice), this->format, this->getWidth(mip), this->getHeight(mip), fileFormat);
}
 
bool VTF::saveImageToFile(const std::filesystem::path& imagePath, uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, uint16_t slice, ImageConversion::FileFormat fileFormat) const {
    if (auto data_ = this->saveImageToFile(mip, frame, face, slice, fileFormat); !data_.empty()) {
        return fs::writeFileBuffer(imagePath, data_);
    }
    return false;
}
 
bool VTF::hasThumbnailData() const {
    return this->thumbnailFormat != ImageFormat::EMPTY && this->thumbnailWidth > 0 && this->thumbnailHeight > 0;
}
 
std::span<const std::byte> VTF::getThumbnailDataRaw() const {
    if (const auto thumbnailResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA)) {
        return thumbnailResource->data;
    }
    return {};
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getThumbnailDataAs(ImageFormat newFormat) const {
    const auto rawThumbnailData = this->getThumbnailDataRaw();
    if (rawThumbnailData.empty()) {
        return {};
    }
    return ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFormat(rawThumbnailData, this->thumbnailFormat, newFormat, this->thumbnailWidth, this->thumbnailHeight);
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getThumbnailDataAsRGBA8888() const {
    return this->getThumbnailDataAs(ImageFormat::RGBA8888);
}
 
void VTF::setThumbnail(std::span<const std::byte> imageData_, ImageFormat format_, uint16_t width_, uint16_t height_, float quality) {
    if (format_ != this->thumbnailFormat) {
        this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA, ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFormat(imageData_, format_, this->thumbnailFormat, width_, height_, quality));
    } else {
        this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA, imageData_);
    }
    this->thumbnailWidth = width_;
    this->thumbnailHeight = height_;
}
 
bool VTF::setThumbnail(const std::filesystem::path& imagePath, float quality) {
    ImageFormat inputFormat;
    int inputWidth, inputHeight, inputFrameCount;
    auto imageData_ = ImageConversion::convertFileToImageData(fs::readFileBuffer(imagePath), inputFormat, inputWidth, inputHeight, inputFrameCount);
 
    // Unable to decode file
    if (imageData_.empty() || inputFormat == ImageFormat::EMPTY || !inputWidth || !inputHeight || !inputFrameCount) {
        return false;
    }
 
    // One frame (normal)
    if (inputFrameCount == 1) {
        this->setThumbnail(imageData_, inputFormat, inputWidth, inputHeight, quality);
        return true;
    }
 
    // Multiple frames (GIF) - we will just use the first one
    const auto frameSize = ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(inputFormat, inputWidth, inputHeight);
    this->setThumbnail({imageData_.data(), frameSize}, inputFormat, inputWidth, inputHeight, quality);
    return true;
}
 
void VTF::computeThumbnail(ImageConversion::ResizeFilter filter, float quality) {
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        return;
    }
 
    if (this->platform == PLATFORM_XBOX) {
        this->thumbnailFormat = ImageFormat::RGB888;
        this->thumbnailWidth = 1;
        this->thumbnailHeight = 1;
        std::array newThumbnail{
            static_cast<std::byte>(static_cast<uint8_t>(std::clamp(this->reflectivity[0], 0.f, 1.f) * 255.f)),
            static_cast<std::byte>(static_cast<uint8_t>(std::clamp(this->reflectivity[1], 0.f, 1.f) * 255.f)),
            static_cast<std::byte>(static_cast<uint8_t>(std::clamp(this->reflectivity[2], 0.f, 1.f) * 255.f)),
        };
        this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA, newThumbnail);
    } else {
        this->thumbnailFormat = ImageFormat::DXT1;
        this->thumbnailWidth = 16;
        this->thumbnailHeight = 16;
        this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA, ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFormat(ImageConversion::resizeImageData(this->getImageDataRaw(), this->format, this->width, this->thumbnailWidth, this->height, this->thumbnailHeight, this->isSRGB(), filter), this->format, this->thumbnailFormat, this->thumbnailWidth, this->thumbnailHeight, quality));
    }
}
 
void VTF::removeThumbnail() {
    this->thumbnailFormat = ImageFormat::EMPTY;
    this->thumbnailWidth = 0;
    this->thumbnailHeight = 0;
    this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA);
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::saveThumbnailToFile(ImageConversion::FileFormat fileFormat) const {
    return ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFile(this->getThumbnailDataRaw(), this->thumbnailFormat, this->thumbnailWidth, this->thumbnailHeight, fileFormat);
}
 
bool VTF::saveThumbnailToFile(const std::filesystem::path& imagePath, ImageConversion::FileFormat fileFormat) const {
    if (auto data_ = this->saveThumbnailToFile(fileFormat); !data_.empty()) {
        return fs::writeFileBuffer(imagePath, data_);
    }
    return false;
}
 
bool VTF::hasFallbackData() const {
    return this->fallbackWidth > 0 && this->fallbackHeight > 0 && this->fallbackMipCount > 0;
}
 
std::span<const std::byte> VTF::getFallbackDataRaw(uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face) const {
    if (const auto fallbackResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_FALLBACK_DATA)) {
        if (uint32_t offset, length; ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(offset, length, this->format, mip, this->fallbackMipCount, frame, this->frameCount, face, this->getFaceCount(), this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight)) {
            return fallbackResource->data.subspan(offset, length);
        }
    }
    return {};
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getFallbackDataAs(ImageFormat newFormat, uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face) const {
    const auto rawFallbackData = this->getFallbackDataRaw(mip, frame, face);
    if (rawFallbackData.empty()) {
        return {};
    }
    if (this->format == ImageFormat::P8) {
        if (const auto paletteData = this->getPaletteResourceFrame(frame); !paletteData.empty()) {
            return ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFormat(ImageQuantize::convertP8ImageDataToBGRA8888(paletteData, rawFallbackData), ImageFormat::BGRA8888, newFormat, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight);
        }
    }
    return ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFormat(rawFallbackData, this->format, newFormat, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight);
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::getFallbackDataAsRGBA8888(uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face) const {
    return this->getFallbackDataAs(ImageFormat::RGBA8888, mip, frame, face);
}
 
void VTF::computeFallback(ImageConversion::ResizeFilter filter) {
    if (!this->hasImageData()) {
        return;
    }
 
    const auto faceCount = this->getFaceCount();
 
    this->fallbackWidth = 8;
    this->fallbackHeight = 8;
    this->fallbackMipCount = (this->flags & FLAG_V0_NO_MIP) ? 1 : ImageDimensions::getMaximumMipCount(this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight);
 
    std::vector<std::byte> fallbackData;
    fallbackData.resize(ImageFormatDetails::getDataLength(this->format, this->fallbackMipCount, this->frameCount, faceCount, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight));
    for (int i = this->fallbackMipCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        const auto [mipWidth, mipHeight] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(i, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight);
        for (int j = 0; j < this->frameCount; j++) {
            for (int k = 0; k < faceCount; k++) {
                auto mip = ImageConversion::resizeImageData(this->getImageDataRaw(0, j, k, 0), this->format, this->width, mipWidth, this->height, mipHeight, this->isSRGB(), filter);
                if (uint32_t offset, length; ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(offset, length, this->format, i, this->fallbackMipCount, j, this->frameCount, k, faceCount, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight) && mip.size() == length) {
                    std::memcpy(fallbackData.data() + offset, mip.data(), length);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    this->setResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_FALLBACK_DATA, fallbackData);
}
 
void VTF::removeFallback() {
    this->fallbackWidth = 0;
    this->fallbackHeight = 0;
    this->fallbackMipCount = 0;
    this->removeResourceInternal(Resource::TYPE_FALLBACK_DATA);
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::saveFallbackToFile(uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, ImageConversion::FileFormat fileFormat) const {
    const auto [mipWidth, mipHeight] = ImageDimensions::getMipDims(mip, this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight);
    return ImageConversion::convertImageDataToFile(this->getFallbackDataRaw(mip, frame, face), this->format, mipWidth, mipHeight, fileFormat);
}
 
bool VTF::saveFallbackToFile(const std::filesystem::path& imagePath, uint8_t mip, uint16_t frame, uint8_t face, ImageConversion::FileFormat fileFormat) const {
    if (auto data_ = this->saveFallbackToFile(mip, frame, face, fileFormat); !data_.empty()) {
        return fs::writeFileBuffer(imagePath, data_);
    }
    return false;
}
 
uint8_t VTF::getConsoleMipScale() const {
    return this->consoleMipScale;
}
 
void VTF::setConsoleMipScale(uint8_t consoleMipScale_) {
    this->consoleMipScale = consoleMipScale_;
}
 
uint64_t VTF::estimateBakeSize() const {
    bool isExact;
    return this->estimateBakeSize(isExact);
}
 
uint64_t VTF::estimateBakeSize(bool& isExact) const {
    isExact = true;
    uint64_t vtfSize = 0;
 
    switch (this->platform) {
        case PLATFORM_UNKNOWN:
            break;
        case PLATFORM_PC:
            switch (this->version) {
                case 6:
                    if (this->compressionLevel > 0) {
                        vtfSize += sizeof(uint64_t); // AXC header size
                        vtfSize += sizeof(uint32_t) * (2 + this->mipCount * this->frameCount * this->getFaceCount()); // AXC resource size
                    }
                case 5:
                case 4:
                case 3:
                    vtfSize += 11 + sizeof(uint32_t) + sizeof(uint64_t) * this->getResources().size(); // resources header size
                    for (const auto& [resourceType, resourceFlags, resourceData] : this->getResources()) {
                        if (!(resourceFlags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA) && resourceType != Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA && resourceType != Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA) {
                            vtfSize += resourceData.size(); // resource size
                        }
                    }
                case 2:
                    vtfSize += sizeof(uint16_t); // depth header field
                case 1:
                case 0:
                    vtfSize += sizeof(uint32_t) * 9 + sizeof(float) * 4 + sizeof(uint16_t) * 4 + sizeof(uint8_t) * 3; // header fields
                    if (this->version < 3) {
                        vtfSize += math::paddingForAlignment(16, vtfSize); // align to 16 bytes
                    }
 
                    if (const auto* thumbnailResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA); thumbnailResource && this->hasThumbnailData()) {
                        vtfSize += thumbnailResource->data.size(); // thumbnail size
                    }
                    if (const auto* imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA); imageResource && this->hasImageData()) {
                        if (this->version < 6 || this->compressionLevel == 0) {
                            vtfSize += imageResource->data.size(); // uncompressed image size
                        } else {
                            isExact = false;
                            vtfSize += static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<double>(imageResource->data.size()) / 1.75); // compressed image data
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            break;
        case PLATFORM_XBOX:
            vtfSize += sizeof(uint32_t) * 6 + sizeof(float) * 4 + sizeof(uint16_t) * 6 + sizeof(uint8_t) * 6; // header fields
 
            if (const auto* thumbnailResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA); thumbnailResource && this->hasThumbnailData()) {
                vtfSize += thumbnailResource->data.size(); // thumbnail size
            }
            if (this->format == ImageFormat::P8) {
                if (const auto* paletteResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_PALETTE_DATA)) {
                    vtfSize += paletteResource->data.size(); // palette size
                }
            }
            if (const auto* fallbackResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_FALLBACK_DATA); fallbackResource && this->hasFallbackData()) {
                vtfSize += ImageFormatDetails::getDataLengthXBOX(false, this->format, this->fallbackMipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight); // fallback size
                vtfSize += math::paddingForAlignment(512, vtfSize); // align to 512 bytes if fallback present
            }
            if (const auto* imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA); imageResource && this->hasImageData()) {
                vtfSize += ImageFormatDetails::getDataLengthXBOX(true, this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->width, this->height, this->depth); // image size
            }
            if (vtfSize > 512) {
                vtfSize += math::paddingForAlignment(512, vtfSize); // align to 512 bytes if longer than 512 bytes
            }
            break;
        case PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2:
            vtfSize += sizeof(uint32_t); // align to 16 bytes
        case PLATFORM_X360:
        case PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX:
            vtfSize += sizeof(uint32_t) * 7 + sizeof(float) * 4 + sizeof(uint16_t) * 5 + sizeof(uint8_t) * 6; // header fields
            vtfSize += sizeof(uint64_t) * this->getResources().size(); // resources header size
 
            for (const auto& [resourceType, resourceFlags, resourceData] : this->getResources()) {
                if (!(resourceFlags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA) && resourceType != Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA) {
                    vtfSize += resourceData.size(); // resource size
                }
            }
            if (const auto* imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA); imageResource && this->hasImageData()) {
                if (this->compressionMethod != CompressionMethod::CONSOLE_LZMA) {
                    vtfSize += imageResource->data.size(); // uncompressed image data
                } else {
                    isExact = false;
                    vtfSize += static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<double>(imageResource->data.size()) / 1.75); // compressed image data
                }
            }
            break;
    }
    return vtfSize;
}
 
std::vector<std::byte> VTF::bake() const {
    std::vector<std::byte> out;
    BufferStream writer{out};
 
    const auto writeResources = [&writer](uint64_t headerLengthPos, const std::vector<Resource>& sortedResources) -> uint64_t {
        auto resourceHeaderCurPos = writer.tell();
        writer.pad<uint64_t>(sortedResources.size());
        auto resourceDataCurPos = writer.tell();
        writer.seek_u(headerLengthPos).write<uint32_t>(resourceDataCurPos);
 
        uint64_t resourceHeaderImagePos = 0;
        for (const auto& resource : sortedResources) {
            writer.seek_u(resourceHeaderCurPos);
 
            uint32_t resourceType = resource.type;
            if (resource.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA) {
                resourceType |= Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA << 24;
            }
            if (writer.is_big_endian()) {
                // type threeCC is little-endian
                BufferStream::swap_endian(&resourceType);
            }
            writer.write<uint32_t>(resourceType);
 
            if (resource.type == Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA) {
                resourceHeaderImagePos = writer.tell();
                writer.write<uint32_t>(0);
                resourceHeaderCurPos = writer.tell();
                continue;
            }
 
            if (resource.flags & Resource::FLAG_LOCAL_DATA) {
                writer.write(resource.data);
                resourceHeaderCurPos = writer.tell();
            } else {
                writer.write<uint32_t>(resourceDataCurPos);
                resourceHeaderCurPos = writer.tell();
                writer.seek_u(resourceDataCurPos).write(resource.data);
                resourceDataCurPos = writer.tell();
            }
        }
        if (resourceHeaderImagePos) {
            writer.seek_u(resourceHeaderImagePos).write<uint32_t>(resourceDataCurPos);
            for (auto& resource : sortedResources) {
                if (resource.type == Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA) {
                    writer.seek_u(resourceDataCurPos).write(resource.data);
                    break;
                }
            }
            return resourceDataCurPos;
        }
        return 0;
    };
 
    // HACK: no source game supports this format, but they do support the flag with reg. DXT1
    auto bakeFormat = this->format;
    auto bakeFlags = this->flags;
    if (bakeFormat == ImageFormat::DXT1_ONE_BIT_ALPHA) {
        bakeFormat = ImageFormat::DXT1;
        bakeFlags |= FLAG_V0_ONE_BIT_ALPHA;
    }
    // HACK: NV_NULL / ATI2N / ATI1N are at a different position based on engine branch
    if (this->version < 5 && (this->format == ImageFormat::EMPTY || this->format == ImageFormat::ATI2N || this->format == ImageFormat::ATI1N)) {
        bakeFormat = static_cast<ImageFormat>(static_cast<int32_t>(this->format) + 3);
    }
 
    switch (this->platform) {
        case PLATFORM_UNKNOWN:
            return out;
        case PLATFORM_PC: {
            writer
                .write(VTF_SIGNATURE)
                .write<int32_t>(7)
                .write(this->version);
 
            const auto headerLengthPos = writer.tell();
            writer.write<uint32_t>(0);
 
            writer
                .write(this->width)
                .write(this->height)
                .write(bakeFlags)
                .write(this->frameCount)
                .write(this->startFrame)
                .pad<uint32_t>()
                .write(this->reflectivity)
                .pad<uint32_t>()
                .write(this->bumpMapScale)
                .write(bakeFormat)
                .write(this->mipCount)
                .write(this->thumbnailFormat)
                .write(this->thumbnailWidth)
                .write(this->thumbnailHeight);
 
            if (this->version >= 2) {
                writer << this->depth;
            }
 
            if (this->version < 3) {
                writer.pad(math::paddingForAlignment(16, writer.tell()));
                const auto headerSize = writer.tell();
                writer.seek_u(headerLengthPos).write<uint32_t>(headerSize).seek_u(headerSize);
 
                if (const auto* thumbnailResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA); thumbnailResource && this->hasThumbnailData()) {
                    writer.write(thumbnailResource->data);
                }
                if (const auto* imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA); imageResource && this->hasImageData()) {
                    writer.write(imageResource->data);
                }
            } else {
                std::vector<std::byte> auxCompressionResourceData;
                std::vector<std::byte> compressedImageResourceData;
                bool hasAuxCompression = false;
                if (const auto* imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA)) {
                    hasAuxCompression = this->version >= 6 && this->compressionLevel != 0;
                    if (hasAuxCompression) {
                        const auto faceCount = this->getFaceCount();
                        auxCompressionResourceData.resize((this->mipCount * this->frameCount * faceCount + 2) * sizeof(uint32_t));
                        BufferStream auxWriter{auxCompressionResourceData, false};
 
                        // Format of aux resource is as follows, with each item of unspecified type being a 4 byte integer:
                        // - Size of resource in bytes, not counting this int
                        // - Compression level, method (2 byte integers)
                        // - (X times) Size of each mip-face-frame combo
                        auxWriter
                            .write<uint32_t>(auxCompressionResourceData.size() - sizeof(uint32_t))
                            .write(this->compressionLevel)
                            .write(this->compressionMethod);
 
                        for (int i = this->mipCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                            for (int j = 0; j < this->frameCount; j++) {
                                for (int k = 0; k < faceCount; k++) {
                                    if (uint32_t offset, length; ImageFormatDetails::getDataPosition(offset, length, this->format, i, this->mipCount, j, this->frameCount, k, faceCount, this->width, this->height, 0, this->depth)) {
                                        auto compressedData = ::compressData({imageResource->data.data() + offset, length * this->depth}, this->compressionLevel, this->compressionMethod);
                                        compressedImageResourceData.insert(compressedImageResourceData.end(), compressedData.begin(), compressedData.end());
                                        auxWriter.write<uint32_t>(compressedData.size());
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
 
                writer.pad(3).write<uint32_t>(this->getResources().size() + hasAuxCompression).pad(8);
 
                std::vector<Resource> sortedResources = this->getResources();
                if (hasAuxCompression) {
                    for (auto& resource : sortedResources) {
                        if (resource.type == Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA) {
                            resource.data = compressedImageResourceData;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    sortedResources.push_back({
                        .type = Resource::TYPE_AUX_COMPRESSION,
                        .flags = Resource::FLAG_NONE,
                        .data = auxCompressionResourceData,
                    });
                }
                std::ranges::sort(sortedResources, [](const Resource& lhs, const Resource& rhs) {
                    return lhs.type < rhs.type;
                });
                writeResources(headerLengthPos, sortedResources);
            }
            break;
        }
        case PLATFORM_XBOX: {
            writer << XTF_SIGNATURE << PLATFORM_XBOX;
            writer.write<uint32_t>(0);
 
            const auto headerSizePos = writer.tell();
            writer
                .write<uint32_t>(0)
                .write(this->flags)
                .write(this->width)
                .write(this->height)
                .write(this->depth)
                .write(this->frameCount);
            const auto preloadSizePos = writer.tell();
            writer.write<uint16_t>(0);
            const auto imageOffsetPos = writer.tell();
            writer
                .write<uint16_t>(0)
                .write(this->reflectivity[0])
                .write(this->reflectivity[1])
                .write(this->reflectivity[2])
                .write(this->bumpMapScale)
                .write(this->format)
                .write(this->thumbnailWidth)
                .write(this->thumbnailHeight)
                .write(this->fallbackWidth)
                .write(this->fallbackHeight)
                .write(this->consoleMipScale)
                .write<uint8_t>(0);
 
            const auto headerSize = writer.tell();
            writer.seek_u(headerSizePos).write<uint32_t>(headerSize).seek_u(headerSize);
 
            if (const auto* thumbnailResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA); thumbnailResource && this->hasThumbnailData()) {
                writer.write(thumbnailResource->data);
            }
 
            if (this->format == ImageFormat::P8) {
                if (const auto* paletteResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_PALETTE_DATA)) {
                    writer.write(paletteResource->data);
                }
            }
 
            bool hasFallbackResource = false;
            if (const auto* fallbackResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_FALLBACK_DATA); fallbackResource && this->hasFallbackData()) {
                hasFallbackResource = true;
                bool ok;
                auto reorderedFallbackData = ::convertBetweenDDSAndVTFMipOrderForXBOX<false>(false, fallbackResource->data, this->format, this->fallbackMipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight, 1, ok);
                if (ok) {
                    ::swapImageDataEndianForConsole<false>(reorderedFallbackData, this->format, this->fallbackMipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->fallbackWidth, this->fallbackHeight, 1, this->platform);
                    writer.write(reorderedFallbackData);
                } else {
                    writer.pad(fallbackResource->data.size());
                }
            }
 
            const auto preloadSize = writer.tell();
            writer.seek_u(preloadSizePos).write<uint32_t>(preloadSize).seek_u(preloadSize);
 
            if (hasFallbackResource) {
                writer.pad(math::paddingForAlignment(512, writer.tell()));
            }
            const auto imageOffset = writer.tell();
            writer.seek_u(imageOffsetPos).write<uint16_t>(imageOffset).seek_u(imageOffset);
 
            if (const auto* imageResource = this->getResource(Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA); imageResource && this->hasImageData()) {
                bool ok;
                auto reorderedImageData = ::convertBetweenDDSAndVTFMipOrderForXBOX<false>(true, imageResource->data, this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->width, this->height, this->depth, ok);
                if (ok) {
                    ::swapImageDataEndianForConsole<false>(reorderedImageData, this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->width, this->height, this->depth, this->platform);
                    writer.write(reorderedImageData);
                } else {
                    writer.pad(imageResource->data.size());
                }
            }
            if (writer.tell() > 512) {
                writer.pad(math::paddingForAlignment(512, writer.tell()));
            }
            break;
        }
        case PLATFORM_X360:
        case PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX:
        case PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2: {
            if (this->platform == PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2) {
                writer << VTF3_SIGNATURE;
                writer.set_big_endian(true);
                writer << PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX; // Intentional
            } else {
                writer << VTFX_SIGNATURE;
                writer.set_big_endian(true);
                writer << this->platform;
            }
            writer.write<uint32_t>(8);
 
            const auto headerLengthPos = writer.tell();
            writer
                .write<uint32_t>(0)
                .write(bakeFlags)
                .write(this->width)
                .write(this->height)
                .write(this->depth)
                .write(this->frameCount);
            const auto preloadPos = writer.tell();
            writer
                .write<uint16_t>(0) // preload size
                .write(this->consoleMipScale)
                .write<uint8_t>(this->resources.size())
                .write(this->reflectivity[0])
                .write(this->reflectivity[1])
                .write(this->reflectivity[2])
                .write(this->bumpMapScale)
                .write(bakeFormat)
                .write<uint8_t>(std::clamp(static_cast<int>(std::roundf(this->reflectivity[0] * 255)), 0, 255))
                .write<uint8_t>(std::clamp(static_cast<int>(std::roundf(this->reflectivity[1] * 255)), 0, 255))
                .write<uint8_t>(std::clamp(static_cast<int>(std::roundf(this->reflectivity[2] * 255)), 0, 255))
                .write<uint8_t>(255);
            const auto compressionPos = writer.tell();
            writer.write<uint32_t>(0); // compressed length
 
            if (this->platform == PLATFORM_PS3_PORTAL2) {
                // 16 byte aligned
                writer.write<uint32_t>(0);
            }
 
            std::vector<std::byte> thumbnailResourceData;
            std::vector<std::byte> imageResourceData;
            std::vector<Resource> sortedResources = this->getResources();
            for (auto& resource : sortedResources) {
                if (resource.type == Resource::TYPE_THUMBNAIL_DATA) {
                    thumbnailResourceData = {resource.data.begin(), resource.data.end()};
                    ::swapImageDataEndianForConsole<false>(thumbnailResourceData, this->thumbnailFormat, 1, 1, 1, this->thumbnailWidth, this->thumbnailHeight, 1, this->platform);
                    resource.data = thumbnailResourceData;
                } else if (resource.type == Resource::TYPE_IMAGE_DATA) {
                    if (this->platform == PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX) {
                        bool ok;
                        imageResourceData = ::convertBetweenDDSAndVTFMipOrderForXBOX<false>(false, resource.data, this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->width, this->height, this->depth, ok);
                        if (!ok || imageResourceData.size() != resource.data.size()) {
                            return {};
                        }
                    } else {
                        imageResourceData = {resource.data.begin(), resource.data.end()};
                    }
                    ::swapImageDataEndianForConsole<false>(imageResourceData, this->format, this->mipCount, this->frameCount, this->getFaceCount(), this->width, this->height, this->depth, this->platform);
 
                    // LZMA compression has not been observed on the PS3 copy of The Orange Box
                    // todo(vtfpp): check cubemaps
                    if (this->platform != PLATFORM_PS3_ORANGEBOX && this->compressionMethod == CompressionMethod::CONSOLE_LZMA) {
                        auto fixedCompressionLevel = this->compressionLevel;
                        if (this->compressionLevel == 0) {
                            // Compression level defaults to 0, so it works differently on console.
                            // Rather than not compress on 0, 0 will be replaced with the default
                            // compression level (6) if the compression method is LZMA.
                            fixedCompressionLevel = 6;
                        }
                        if (auto compressedData = compression::compressValveLZMA(imageResourceData, fixedCompressionLevel)) {
                            imageResourceData = std::move(*compressedData);
                            const auto curPos = writer.tell();
                            writer.seek_u(compressionPos).write<uint32_t>(imageResourceData.size()).seek_u(curPos);
                        }
                    }
 
                    resource.data = imageResourceData;
                    break;
                }
            }
            std::ranges::sort(sortedResources, [](const Resource& lhs, const Resource& rhs) {
                return lhs.type < rhs.type;
            });
            const auto resourceDataImagePos = writeResources(headerLengthPos, sortedResources);
            writer.seek_u(preloadPos).write(std::max<uint16_t>(resourceDataImagePos, 2048));
            break;
        }
    }
    out.resize(writer.size());
    return out;
}
 
bool VTF::bake(const std::filesystem::path& vtfPath) const {
    return fs::writeFileBuffer(vtfPath, this->bake());
}